Ishchenko K., Novikov L., Konoval V., Ponomarenko I., Demchenko O., Kinash R. The effect of different loading conditions on the effectiveness of explosive fragmentation of solid media by charges with variable cross-sectional shape
- Details
- Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2025
- Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2025, Issue 174
Geotech. meh. 2025, 174, 191-201
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LOADING CONDITIONS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS
OF EXPLOSIVE FRAGMENTATION OF SOLID MEDIA BY CHARGES WITH VARIABLE CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPE
M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
UDC 622.235
Language: English
Abstract. The degree of preconditioning of the rock mass, taking into account the properties of the rocks being broken, determines the effectiveness of blasting operations, which comprise a wide range of means and technological processes. One current challenge is the selection and justification of improved borehole charges to develop modern, resource-saving technologies for explosive fragmentation of structurally complex rock masses in open pit mines of ore and non-ore mineral deposits. A shortcoming of many studies that justify rational parameters for drill and blasting operations is an incomplete consideration of rock fabric and its fracturing, which affects the pattern of grain-size distribution and the fragmentation behavior on the bench during explosive fragmentation. For this reason, the present work favors experimental investigations. The purpose of the work is to substantiate an optimal charge design with a variable cross-section by conducting experimental research into the influence of different loading conditions on the efficiency of explosive fragmentation of a solid medium using physical models. It was found that, when sand–cement model specimens are fragmented by charges of different cross-sectional shapes, the mode of fragmentation depends on the dynamic loading conditions and on the interface between the explosive and the solid medium. The efficiency of fragmentation was assessed by processing and segmenting images of the fragments from destroyed model specimens using the U-CARFnet and U-Net methods. It was established that detonation of an explosive charge shaped as a square prism produces a uniform grain-size distribution in the fragmented model that follows a logarithmic trend. Moreover, using a square-prismatic charge is the most economically efficient option. Such a charge promotes the formation of a multi-gradient, multi-directional loading pattern on the surface of the charge cavity in the solid medium, which improves the explosive’s useful work coefficient. The experimental results obtained for selecting and justifying the rational design of borehole charges can be used to adjust drill-and-blast parameters for the conditions of Ukraine’s granite open pit. The proposed blasting technology has been tried out at the "Uman Granite Open Pit" LLC open pit and has shown its effectiveness.
Keywords: solid medium, charge cavity, explosive material, explosive fragmentation, stress wave.
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About the authors
Ishchenko Kostiantyn, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc), Senior Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID 0000-0003-2237-871X
Novikov Leonid, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D), Senior Researcher in Department of Geomechanics of Mineral Opencast Mining Technology, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnepr, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. (Corresponding author), ORCID 0000-0002-1855-5536
Konoval Volodymyr, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc), Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Industrial Con-struction Cherkasy State Technological University, Cherkasy, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ORCID 0000-0002-6740-6617
Ponomarenko Ivan, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D), Assistant Lecturer of the Department of Civil and Industrial Construction Cherkasy State Technological University, Cherkasy, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID 0000-0003-4296-3975
Demchenko Oleksandr, student of the Department of Civil and Industrial Construction Cherkasy State Technological University, Cherkasy, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID 0009-0002-7466-0311
Kinash Roman, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc), Professor, Doctor in Department of Geomechanics, Civil Engineering and Geotechnics, AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH UST), Krakow, Poland, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID 0000-0001-6715-9583