Shevchenko H., Malanchuk Ye., Korniyenko V., Cholyshkina V., Kurilov V., Samodryha O. Metal-containing fraction of Volyn basalts
- Details
- Parent Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2025
- Category: Geo-Technical Mechanics, 2025, Issue 172
Geotech. meh. 2025, 172, 105-113
METAL-CONTAINING FRACTION OF VOLYN BASALTS
1M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2National University of Water and Environmental Engineering
UDC 622.7.017
Language: English
Abstract. For the basalts of Volyn Polissia and the accompanying tuff and lava breccia rocks, studies by geologists and scientists of Ukraine have established unique properties regarding the content of valuable metals—non-ferrous, ferrous, precious, rare-earth. Copper was identified as the practically significant ore-forming element, but alongside it, for example, iron and silver are present in considerable quantities and in native form, so basalt deposits are often considered polymetallic. The main attention of researchers has been paid to copper, investigating its distribution in basalt deposits and extraction methods. A problem in the processing technologies being developed is the separation of metals from each other. Obviously, in the final processing cycle this is done by pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods, but at the ore preparation stage it is possible to use physical methods of electrical and magnetic separation. The development of physical processes for processing basalt raw materials is ongoing. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to analyze the iron-containing fraction in basalt rocks, which has been insufficiently studied so far. For the analysis, methods of spectroscopic and mineralogical analysis, dry magnetic separation of individual size classes of rocks were applied. It has been established that the iron-containing fraction is represented predominantly by iron, titanium, vanadium, and their quantities are several times higher than background values. The metal content is: in basalt up to 15.75% Fe, 2.4% Ti, 0.05% V (or 0.09% V₂O₅); in lava breccia up to 14.5% Fe, >0.7% Ti, 0.3% V (or 0.53% V₂O₅); in tuff up to 18.2–21.6% Fe, 2.63–2.18% Ti, 0.1% V (or 0.18% V₂O₅). Features of the mineralogical composition of the rocks include a small amount of copper and iron sulfides and sulfates, and the presence of natural copper-iron alloys. The magnetic component is represented by magnetite and titanomagnetite. Dry magnetic separation of the rocks was studied for feed size 2.5 + 0 mm at a magnetic field induction of 0.16 T. The copper content in the initial feed was: for basalt 2.62%, lava breccia 1.36%, tuff 0.53%. The yield of the magnetic fraction and the possibility of concentrating copper in the non-magnetic product were investigated. It was found that the magnetic concentrate yield from basalt is 55.16% of the sample, from lava breccia 38.13%, from tuff 40.03%. Copper recovery into the magnetic separation waste (non-magnetic fraction) is: for basalt 74.7%, for lava breccia 75.58%, for tuff 68.6%. The use of magnetic separation is expedient at the ore preparation stage. Promising directions for increasing copper recovery in the non-magnetic product are reducing the feed size and using wet magnetic separation instead of dry.
Keywords: basalt, tuff, lava breccia, magnetic separation.
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About the authors:
Shevchenko Heorhii, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Head of Department of Mechanics of Mineral Processing Machines and Processes, M. S. Poliakov Institute for Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine,
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Malanchuk Yevhen, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Professor of Department of Automation, electrotechnical and computer-integrated technologies, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering (NUWEE), Rivne, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Korniyеnko Valerіі, Doctor of Technical Sciences (D.Sc.), Professor, Head of Department Development of mineral deposits, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering (NUWEE), Rivne, Ukraine,
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Cholyshkina Valentyna, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Senior Researcher of Department of Mechanics of Mineral Processing Machines and Processes, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. (Corresponding author)
Kurilov Vladislav, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.), Junior researcher of Department of Mechanics of Mineral Processing Machines and Processes, M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dneprо, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Samodryga Oleh, Graduate Student M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGTM of the NAS of Ukraine), Dnipro, Ukraine, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.